Keywords
Abstract
Ibadism, as the dominant religious tradition in Oman, has played a pivotal role in shaping
the country’s national identity and political trajectory. This study examines the intricate relationship
between Ibadism and state formation under the leadership of Sultan Qaboos bin Said, analyzing how
religious doctrine functioned as both a legitimizing force and a framework for governance. Whilst the
historical evolution of Ibadism has been explored by previous researchers, there remains a paucity of
understanding of its role in contemporary Oman, particularly in the context of political modernization
and diplomatic positioning. The present article addresses this lacuna by employing a multidisciplinary
methodological approach, including historical analysis, comparative research, and case studies of Omani
political reforms. The findings reveal that the integration of Ibadism into the state structures under
Sultan Qaboos has facilitated political stability, social cohesion, and Oman’s emergence as a neutral
mediator in regional affairs. By successfully balancing religious conservatism with modern governance,
Oman has maintained its autonomy while promoting a unique model of political and religious
coexistence. Moreover, the legacy of Sultan Haitham bin Tariq perpetuates this heritage by further
integrating classical Ibadism with contemporary political practice.
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