Abstract
A broad discussion on the directions of public administration reforms has been going on among
scholars and practitioners since the 1980s and mainly refers to the aspects related to the exercise of
power, control systems and the efficiency of public administration. Changing political factors, related
to the formation of civil society and the formation of a new type of relationship between government
and citizens, have created the need for reforms in the approach to public management. In this context,
the qualities of the process of performing public tasks and the effects of these activities are becoming
particularly important. The concept of a low-carbon economy encompasses all activities aimed at reducing
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while respecting the principles of sustainable development, taking
into account competitiveness and innovation in the global market. Local government is responsible for
ensuring local energy security, ensuring sustainable development and, thus, for the sustainable use of
the environment. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of actions taken by local government
units in Poland to reduce the level of GHG emissions on the example of actions taken by municipalities
in the Lubusz Province using funding from the National Fund for Environmental Protection in Water
Management and the Marshal’s Office of the Lubusz Province in 2014-2020. The article is structured
as follows. It begins with a discussion of the specifics of the activities of local government units, in the
sphere of reducing the level of GHG emissions and in the context of the effectiveness of its activities.
Next, the methodology used in the study is presented. The next section analyses the research results
obtained in the context of the observations of other researchers. The article concludes with implications,
constituting the final part of the article.
References
Ansell, E. Sørensen, J. Torfing (eds), Bingley, pp. 9-22, https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-798-220220002.
Battaglio R.P. Jr., Belardinelli P., Bellé N., Cantarelli P. (2019), Behavioral Public Administration ad fontes: A Synthesis of Research on Bounded Rationality, “Cognitive Biases, and Nudging
in Public Organizations. Public Administration Review”, No. 79(3), pp. 304-320, https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12994.
Bucsky P. (2020), Modal share changes due to COVID-19: The case of Budapest, “Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives”, No. 8, 100141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2020.100141.
Chodkowska-Miszczuk J., Biegańska J., Środa-Murawska S., Grzelak-Kostulska E., Rogatka K. (2016), European Union funds in the development of renewable energy sources in Poland in the context of the cohesion policy, “Energy Environ”, No. 27, pp. 713-725, https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X16666963.
Churski P. (2008), Przemiany polskiej polityki regionalnej po akcesji do UE. Europejskie uwarunkowania – krajowe konsekwencje, [in:] Region społeczno-ekonomiczny i rozwój regionalny, J.J. Parysek, T. Stryjakiewicz (eds), Poznań, pp. 153-183.
Czyżewski B., Trojanek R., Dzikuć M., Czyżewski A. (2020), Cost-effectiveness of the common agricultural policy and environmental policy in country districts: Spatial spillovers of pollution,
bio-uniformity and green schemes in Poland, “Science of The Total Environment”, No. 726, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138254.
Drożdż W., Kinelski G., Czarnecka M.,Wójcik-Jurkiewicz M., Maroušková A., Zych G. (2021),
Determinants of Decarbonization – How to Realize Sustainable and Low Carbon Cities?, ”Energies”, No. 14, https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092640.
Feng J.-C., Yan J., Yu Z., Zeng X., Xu W. (2018), Case study of an industrial park toward zero carbon emission, “Applied Energy”, No. 209, pp. 65-78, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.069.
Furmankiewicz M., Hewitt R.J., Kazak J.K. (2021), Can rural stakeholders drive the low-carbon
transition? Analysis of climate-related activities planned in local development strategies in Poland, “Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews”, No. 150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111419.
Glasmeier A.K., Nebiolo M. (2016), Thinking about Smart Cities: The Travels of a Policy Idea that Promises a Great Deal, but So Far Has Delivered Modest Results, “Sustainability”, No. 8, https:// doi.org/10.3390/su8111122.
Gomółka Z. (2000), Cybernetyka w zarządzaniu, “Placet”, Warszawa.
Halkos G.E., Paizanos E.A. (2017), The channels of the effect of government expenditure on the environment: Evidence using dynamic panel data, “Journal of environmental planning and
management”, No. 60(1), pp. 135-157, https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2016.1145107.
Hoppe T., van den Berg M.M., Coenen F.H. (2014), Reflections on the uptake of climate change policies by local governments: facing the challenges of mitigation and adaptation, “Sustainability and Society”, No. 4, pp. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-0567-4-8.
Jamal S., Sen A. (2019), Prospect of Faridabad as a smart city: A review, “Making cities resilient”, pp. 39-50, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94932-1_4.
Kasztura M., Richard A., Bempong N.E., Loncar D., Flahault A. (2019), Cost-effectiveness of precision medicine: a scoping review, “Int J Public Health”, No. 64(9), pp. 1261-1271, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-019-01298-x.
Komisja Europejska (2011), Komunikat Komisji do Parlamentu Europejskiego, Rady, Europejskiego Komitetu Ekonomiczno-Społecznego i Komitetu Regionów, Plan działania na rzecz przejścia do konkurencyjnej gospodarki niskoemisyjnej do 2050 r., Bruksela, 2011.
Krysiński D., Uss-Lik A. (2022), The role of current transport expenditure in mitigating the risk of modal shift during Covid-19 – Lessons from Polish cities, “Case Studies on Transport Policy”,
No. 10(2), pp. 891-904, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2022.03.004.
López R., Galinato G.I., Islam A. (2011), Fiscal spending and the environment: Theory and empirics, “Journal of Environmental Economics and Management”, No. 62(2), pp.180-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2011.03.001.
Lu H., de Jong M., ten Heuvelhof E. (2018), Explaining the variety in smart eco city development in China – What policy network theory can teach us about overcoming barriers in implementation?, “J. Clean. Prod.”, No. 196, pp. 135-149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.266.
Małecka-Łyszczek M., Mędrzycki R. (2022), Znaczenie efektywności w prawie administracyjnym – uwagi wybrane, [in:] Kierunki rozwoju jurysdykcji administracyjnej, M. Szewczyk, L. Staniszewska, M. Kruś (eds), Wolters Kluwers, pp.101-115.
Nalepka A., Ujwary-Gil A. (eds) (2017), Business and Non-Profit Organizations Facing Increased Competition and Growing, Tomaszowice, 19-20.06.2017.
Pilecki B. (2018), Regional operational programmes 2014-2020 as a financial instrument supporting low-carbon economy in Poland on the example of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, “European Journal of Service Management”, No. 27(3/1), pp. 211-216.
Połom M., Wiśniewski P. (2021), Implementing Electromobility in Public Transport in Poland in 1990-2020. A Review of Experiences and Evaluation of the Current Development Directions, “Sustainability”, No. 13, https://doi.org/10.3390/su13074009.
Roberts L. (1994) Process reengineering: The key to achieving breakthrough success, Millwaukee.
Tan, S.Y., Taeihagh, A. (2020), Smart City Governance in Developing Countries: A Systematic
Literature Review. Sustainability, 12, pp. 899, https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030899.
Tanil, G., Jurek, P. (2020), Policies on renewable energy at the European and national level of governance: Assessing policy adaptation in the Czech Republic. Energy Reports, 6(1), pp. 548-553, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.09.024.
Viale Pereira, G., Cunha, M.A., Lampoltshammer, T.J., Parycek, P., Testa, M.G. (2017), Increasing collaboration and participation in smart city governance: A cross-case analysis of smart city initiatives. Inf. Technol. Dev. 23, pp. 526–553, https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2017.1353946.
Zhou, N., Ohshita, S., Price, L., Zheng, N. (2011), A low carbon development guide for local government
actions in China. Carbon Management, 2(4), pp. 455-469, https://doi.org/10.4155/cmt.11.39.
